The microwave creates electromagnetic waves that interact with water molecules, fat and other positively polarized molecules in food. When these molecules absorb energy from the microwaves, they begin to move faster and oscillate, which causes the temperature of the food to rise.
However, the plate on which you place the food can also be heated in the microwave. This is because the plate is usually made of materials that conduct heat well, such as glass or ceramic. When microwaves pass through the food and onto the plate, they can cause molecules in the plate material to vibrate, causing it to heat up.
In addition, the plate can serve as a “waveguide” for microwaves, directing them into the food and increasing the probability of their absorption by food molecules.
So, the plate in the microwave may be heated by the food itself as well as by the microwaves, but that does not mean that the food is not heated. If your food is not heating properly in the microwave, you may want to check the power settings and heating times, and make sure that the food is in the center of the plate surface where the microwaves are concentrated.
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